to sweat through

sūdo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [Gr. root id-; idos, hidros, sweat; Germ. Schweisz].

Neutr. (class.), to sweat, perspire.

Lit.

Absol.:

qui sudat,

Plaut. As. 2, 2, 23:

sine causā sudare,

Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 223:

sudavit et alsit,

Hor. A. P. 413:

juvenum sudantibus lacertis,

Ov. M. 4, 707:

quid cum Cumis Apollo sudavit,

Cic. Div. 1, 43, 98; cf.:

deorum sudasse simulacra nuntiatum est,

id. ib. 2, 27, 58:

bibere et sudare vita cardiaci est,

Sen. Ep. 15, 3:

in montes sudantes conscendimus,

Petr. 116.—

With abl., to sweat or perspire with, to be wet with, moist with, drenched in any thing:

fit ut in speluncis saxa superne Sudent umore,

Lucr. 6, 943; cf.:

cavae tepido sudant umore lacunae,

Verg. G. 1, 117:

sudabant fauces sanguine,

Lucr. 6, 1147:

scuta duo sanguine sudasse,

Liv. 22, 1:

quattuor signa sanguine multo,

id. 27, 4:

arma sudore,

Sil. 2, 455:

umore Cumanus Apollo,

Flor. 2, 8, 3.— Poet.: terra sudat sanguine, Enn. ap. Non. 504, 33 (Trag. v. 213 Vahl.):

sanguine litus,

Verg. A. 2, 582.—

Poet., transf., of the moisture itself, to sweat, drip, distil from any thing:

quid tibi odorato referam sudantia ligno Balsama,

Verg. G. 2, 118:

dulcis odoratis umor sudavit ab uvis,

Sil. 7, 191.—

Trop., qs. to sweat or perspire from exertion, i. e. to toil, labor hard, exert or fatigue one ' s self, tire one ' s self out, etc. (rare but class.; cf. Ritschl in Rhein. Mus. Neue Folge, 12, p. 458 sq.;

syn.: contendo, luctor): sudabis satis, Si cum illo inceptas homine,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 23; cf.:

in cassum defessi sanguine sudent, Augustum per iter luctantes ambitionis,

Lucr. 5, 1129:

vides sudare me jamdudum laborantem, quomodo, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 3:

sudandum est his pro communibus commodis,

id. Sest. 66, 139:

in mancipii redhibitione sudare,

Quint. 8, 3, 14 Spald. N. cr.:

has meus ad metas equus,

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 70:

sub ingenti pharetrā,

Stat. Th. 5, 443.— Poet., with inf.:

et ferrea sudant Claustra remoliri,

Stat. Th. 10, 526.— Impers. pass.:

parabile est, quod natura desiderat: ad supervacua sudatur,

Sen. Ep. 4, 8.—

Act. (only poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

To throw off or emit by sweating, to sweat out, exude (cf. destillo).

Lit.:

et durae quercus sudabunt roscida mella,

Verg. E. 4, 30:

pinguia electra,

id. ib. 8, 54:

balsamum,

Just. 36, 3, 4:

nemora Orientis, ubi tura et balsama sudantur,

Tac. G. 45:

sudata ligno Tura,

Ov. M. 10, 308:

oleum baca Venafri,

Mart. 13, 101, 1:

mella,

Nemes. Ecl. 1, 76:

sanguinem,

Val. Max. 1, 6, 5; Aug. in Psa. 93, 19:

mella,

Lact. 7, 24, 7.—

Trop. (acc. to I. B.), to sweat out a thing, i. e. to make, perform, or carry on laboriously:

multo labore Cyclopum Sudatum thoraca capit,

Sil. 4, 436:

fibulam,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, 16:

vomere messes,

id. Laud. Stil. 2, 94:

zonam,

id. Epigr. 23, 12:

deunces,

Pers. 5, 149:

bella,

Prud. Cath. 2, 76:

laborem,

Sil. 3, 92; Stat. Th. 5, 189. —

Pregn.

To saturate with sweat, to sweat through (very rare):

vestes sudatae,

Quint. 11, 3, 23.—

Of time, to sweat through, pass or spend in sweating:

actae sub pellibus hiemes aestatesque inter bella sudatae,

Pac. Pan. Theod. 8.

ex-sūdo ( exūdo, ēsūdo), āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. *

Neutr., to come out by sweating, to sweat out, exude:

exsudat inutilis umor,

Verg. G. 1, 88.—

Act., to discharge by sweating, to sweat out, exude.

Lit.:

cum oliva, quicquid habuit amurcae, exsudavit,

Col. 12, 50, 3:

acidum liquorem (caseus),

id. 7, 8, 4:

sucum (arbor),

Plin. 24, 9, 37, § 57:

esudatus liquor,

Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 16, 97.—

Trop., to perform with sweating or toil, to toil through, undergo (= agere, acquirere multo sudore):

causas,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 28; cf.:

ingens certamen,

Liv. 4, 13, 4:

labores,

Sil. 3, 531; Amm. 15, 5.

ex-sūdo ( exūdo, ēsūdo), āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. *

Neutr., to come out by sweating, to sweat out, exude:

exsudat inutilis umor,

Verg. G. 1, 88.—

Act., to discharge by sweating, to sweat out, exude.

Lit.:

cum oliva, quicquid habuit amurcae, exsudavit,

Col. 12, 50, 3:

acidum liquorem (caseus),

id. 7, 8, 4:

sucum (arbor),

Plin. 24, 9, 37, § 57:

esudatus liquor,

Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 16, 97.—

Trop., to perform with sweating or toil, to toil through, undergo (= agere, acquirere multo sudore):

causas,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 28; cf.:

ingens certamen,

Liv. 4, 13, 4:

labores,

Sil. 3, 531; Amm. 15, 5.

māno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [prob. for mad-no; Sanscr. madas, drunkenness; Gr. madaros, flowing; cf.: madeo, madidus; also Gr. manos], to flow, run, trickle, drop, distil, etc.

Lit.

Neutr.: manat omni corpore sudor, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 399); cf.:

manat item nobis e toto corpore sudor,

Lucr. 6, 944:

gelidus toto manabat corpore sudor,

Verg. A. 3, 175:

tepidae manant ex arbore guttae,

Ov. M. 10, 500:

fons manat,

id. ib. 9, 664:

cruor,

id. ib. 13, 887:

lacrima,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 59:

sanies,

id. C. 3, 11, 19:

Herculis simulacrum multo sudore manavit,

dripped with much sweat, Cic. Div. 1, 34, 74:

signa Lanuvii cruore manavere,

dripped with gore, Liv. 23, 31, 15:

cultrum ex volnere extractum manante cruore prae se tenens,

Liv. 1, 59, 1:

alvei manantes per latera et fluctu superurgente,

leaking through the joints of the side, Tac. A. 2, 23:

longā manantia labra salivā,

Juv. 6, 623.—

Act., to give out, shed, pour forth:

Indica gemma in attritu sudorem purpureum manat,

gives out, Plin. 37, 10, 61, § 170:

lacrimas marmora manant,

Ov. M. 6, 312.— Poet.: fidis enim manare poëtica mella Te solum, to distil poetic honey, i. e. to be a poet, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 44.—

Transf., of things not fluid, to flow, diffuse or extend itself, to spread:

aër, qui per maria manat,

Cic. N. D. 1, 15, 40:

sonitus per aures,

Lucr. 6, 927:

multa a luna manant, et fluunt,

Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 50:

manat dies ab oriente,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 4 Müll.: manare solem antiqui dicebant, cum solis orientis radii splendorem jacere coepissent, Paul. ex Fest. p. 158 Müll.—

Trop., to diffuse or extend itself, to spread, get abroad:

cum malum manaret in dies latius,

daily spreads farther, Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 5; cf.:

malum manavit per Italiam,

id. Cat. 4, 3, 6:

manat tota urbe rumor,

Liv. 2, 49:

manat et funditur disserendi ratio per omnes partis sapientiae,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 25, 72:

cum tristis a Mutina fama manaret,

id. Phil. 4, 6, 15:

nomen usque ad Pythagorae manavit aetatem,

id. ib. 5, 3, 8:

fidei bonae nomen manat latissime,

id. Off. 3, 17, 70:

manavit ea benignitas ex urbe etiam in castra,

Liv. 24, 18.—

Esp., to flow, spring, arise, proceed, emanate, have its origin, originate from any thing:

peccata ex vitiis manant,

Cic. Par. 3, 1, 22:

omnis honestas manat a partibus quattuor,

id. Off. 1, 43, 152:

ab Aristippo Cyrenaica philosophia manavit,

id. de Or. 3, 17, 62:

unde omnia manant, videre,

id. ib. 3, 2, 27.—

To escape, be forgotten:

omne supervacuum pleno de pectore manat,

Hor. A. P. 337.

sīdus, ĕris, n. [cf. Sanscr. svid, to sweat, melt; Gr. sidêros (molten) iron; Lat. sudo].

Stars united in a figure, a group of stars, a constellation (and hence mostly plur.;

only so ap. Cic., Cæs., and Quint.): sunt stellae quidem singulares, ut erraticae quinque et ceterae, quae non admixtae aliis solae feruntur: sidera vero, quae in aliquod signum stellarum plurium compositione formantur, ut Aries, Taurus, Andromeda, Perseus, vel Corona et quaecumque variarum genera formarum in caelum recepta creduntur. Sic et apud Graecos aster et astron diversa significant et aster stella una est, astron signum stellis coactum, quod nos sidus vocamus,

Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 14 med.

Plur.:

illi sempiterni ignes, quae sidera et stellas vocatis,

Cic. Rep. 6, 15, 15:

signis sideribusque caelestibus,

id. N. D. 1, 13, 35:

circuitus solis et lunae reliquorumque siderum,

id. ib. 2, 62, 155; cf.:

solem lunamque praecipua siderum,

Quint. 2, 16, 6; and:

in sole sidera ipsa desinunt cerni,

id. 8, 5, 29:

siderum regina bicornis Luna,

Hor. C. S. 35:

Arcturi sidera,

Verg. G. 1, 204:

solis, i. e. sol,

Ov. M. 14, 172:

sidera, quae vocantur errantia,

Cic. Div. 2, 42, 89; so,

errantia,

Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 32:

siderum motus,

Cic. Rep. 3, 2, 3; id. Lael. 23, 88:

sidera viderit innumerabilia,

id. Tusc. 5, 24, 69; id. Fin. 2, 31, 102; id. N. D. 2, 15, 39 et saep.; * Caes. B. G. 6, 14 fin.; Quint. 1, 4, 4; 2, 17, 38; 12, 11, 10 al.; Lucr. 1, 231; 1, 788; 1, 1065:

candida,

id. 5, 1210:

alta,

Verg. A. 3, 619:

surgentia,

id. ib. 6, 850:

radiantia,

Ov. M. 7, 325:

turbata,

Stat. Th. 12, 406 al.:

lucida,

Hor. C. 1, 3, 2; 3, 1, 32; id. Epod. 3, 15; 5, 45; 17, 5.—

Sing., a heavenly body, a star; and collect., a group of stars, a constellation:

clarum Tyndaridae sidus,

Hor. C. 4, 8, 31:

fervidum,

Sirius, id. Epod. 1, 27;

nivosum sidus Pleiadum,

Stat. S. 1, 1, 95:

insana Caprae sidera,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 6:

Baccho placuisse coronam, Ex Ariadnaeo sidere nosse potes,

Ov. F. 5, 346;

so of the constellation Arcturus,

Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 311 (for which, in the plur.:

Arcturi sidera,

Verg. G. 1, 204); of Capella, Ov. M. 3, 594; of the Vergiliae, Liv. 21, 35, 6; Curt. 5, 6, 12; of Saturn, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 32 sq.; Juv. 6, 569; of Venus, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 36; Luc. 1, 661; of the Moon:

sidus lunae,

Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 41; of the Sun:

calidi sideris aestu,

Tib. 2, 1, 47:

aetherium,

Ov. M. 1, 424; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:

solstitiale,

Just. 13, 7 fin.; cf.: sidus utrumque, for the rising and setting sun, Petr. poët. 119, 2; and also for the sun and moon, Plin. 2, 13, 10, §§ 56 and 57.— Poet., collect.:

nec sidus fefellit,

i. e. through ignorance, Verg. A. 7, 215.—

Transf. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

The sky, the heavens, = caelum. (Juppiter) terram, mare, sidera movit, Ov. M. 1, 180: (Hercules) flammis ad sidera missus, Juv.11,63; cf.:

abrupto sidere nimbus It,

Verg. A. 12, 451:

sidera observare,

Curt. 7, 4, 28.—

Like caelum, to denote a very great height:

Pyramidum sumptus ad sidera ducti,

Prop. 3, 2 (4, 1), 17:

evertunt actas ad sidera pinus,

Verg. A. 11, 136; cf. Juv. 11, 63:

ad sidera Erigitur,

Verg. A. 9, 239:

aves, quas naturalis levitas ageret ad sidera,

Curt. 4, 5, 3:

domus quae vertice sidera pulsat,

Mart. 8, 36, 11; 9, 62, 10; Verg. G. 2, 427; id. A. 3, 243; id. E. 5, 62 al.—

Trop. (also like caelum), as the summit or height of fame, fortune, success, etc.:

quodsi me lyricis vatibus inseris, Sublimi feriam sidera vertice,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 36:

vertice sidera tangere,

Ov. M. 7, 61; cf.:

tuum nomen... Cantantes sublime ferent ad sidera cygni,

Verg. E. 9, 29:

usque ad sidera notus,

id. ib. 5, 43: contingere sidera plantis, to walk upon the stars (like the gods) (of one exceedingly fortunate), Prop. 1, 8, 43 (1, 8 b, 17); cf.:

celerique fugā sub sidera lapsae,

Verg. A. 3, 243.—

For night:

exactis sideribus,

Prop. 1, 3, 38:

sidera producere ludo,

Stat. Th. 8, 219; cf.:

sideribus dubiis,

at dawn, Juv. 5, 22.—

A star, as a comparison for any thing bright, brilliant, shining, beautiful, etc. (syn.:

stella, astrum): oculi, geminae, sidera nostra, faces,

Prop. 2, 3, 14;

so of the eyes,

Ov. Am. 2, 16, 44; 3, 3, 9; id. M. 1, 499:

sidere pulchrior Ille,

Hor. C. 3, 9, 21; cf. id. ib. 1, 12, 47;

of form, beauty,

Stat. S. 3, 4, 26; Val. Fl. 5, 468.—

Concr., ornament, pride, glory:

o sidus Fabiae, Maxime, gentis ades,

Ov. P. 3, 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 6, 9;

Col. poët, 10, 96: puerum egregiae praeclarum sidere formae,

Stat. S. 3, 4, 26:

Macedoniae columen ac sidus,

Curt. 9, 6, 8.—As a term of endearment, my star, Suet. Calig. 13 fin.; Hor. Epod. 17, 41.—

Season of the year:

quo sidere terram Vertere Conveniat,

Verg. G. 1, 1; cf.:

hiberno moliris sidere classem?

id. A. 4, 309:

sidere aequinoctii quo maxime tumescit Oceanus,

Tac. A. 1, 70; cf.:

brumale sidus,

Ov. P. 2, 4, 25:

sidere flagrante brumali,

Amm. 27, 12, 12.—

Climate, weather, etc.:

ut patrios fontes patriumque sidus ferre consuevisti,

Plin. Pan. 15, 3; so,

sub nostro sidere,

Juv. 12, 103:

tot inhospita saxa Sideraque emensae,

i.e. regions, Verg. A. 5, 628:

grave sidus et imbrem vitare,

tempest, storm, Ov. M. 5, 281:

triste Minervae (raised by Minerva),

Verg. A. 11, 260.—Colloquially, with confectus: intellegitur sidus confectum, i. e. that the weather ( occasioned by a constellation) is ended, Plin. 16, 23, 36, § 87; 18, 25, 57, § 207:

fertur in abruptum casu, non sidere, puppis,

Claud. in Eutr. 2, 424.—

With allusion to the influence which the ancients believed the constellations to have upon the health or the destiny of men, star, destiny, etc.:

pestifero sidere icti,

Liv. 8, 9, 12: sidere afflari, to be blasted or palsied by a constellation, to be planet-struck or sunstruck, astroboleisthai, Plin. 2, 41, 41, § 108; Petr. 2, 7; cf.:

sidere percussa lingua,

Mart. 11, 85, 1:

subito fias ut sidere mutus,

id. 7, 92, 9;

v. sideror and sideratio: sidera natalicia,

Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91; cf.:

o sidere dextro Edite,

Stat. S. 3, 4, 63:

adveniet fausto cum sidere conjux,

Cat. 64, 330:

vivere duro sidere,

Prop. 1, 6, 36:

grave sidus,

Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 45 Jahn:

per alias civitates ut sidus salutare susciperetur,

as arbiter of their destiny, Amm. 21, 10, 2.